not normal

Nov. 29th, 2023 12:13 pm
miriam_e: from my drawing MoonGirl (Default)
I'm not normal, and I don't think I've ever met anybody who was normal. I kinda think if I ever did encounter a normal person they would be strangely boring and forgettable. Maybe those people get recruited as spies -- not the James Bond types, they'd stand out too much. Or maybe normal people just don't exist.

I have met people who think they're normal, but they're generally the most warped and crazy of all. They're the ones who spend all their time telling other people how to be normal -- trying to stop gay folks getting married, or obsessed with other people's genitals, or trying to control what books other people can read. They are bizarre. It is perplexing that they can't see how messed up they are.

Being a bit weird suits me, and I like having weird friends. It makes for an interesting life.

hell

Nov. 25th, 2023 05:23 am
miriam_e: from my drawing MoonGirl (Default)
Christians are fond of saying the Bible is a good book, with good moral messages, and while it does have some of those, it also propagates immorality, for example it endorses slavery, and the belief that women are items to be owned, or are, at best, second-class humans. But the worst thing the Bible does is to promote the idea of hell. I've met people who spent their childhood terrified that they or those they love would be tortured forever in this fictional place.

I'd been told on a number of occasions that hell doesn't appear in the Bible until the New Testament, so on a whim I decided to check.

I have a few digital Bibles, but the one I refer to most is Project Gutenberg's King James version (pg10). Some time ago I broke it into 2 parts: the Old Testament and the New Testament. The Linux extended grep command (egrep) let me search those two text files with pattern matching regular expressions.
egrep -c '\<[hH]ell\>' "Old Testament.txt"
egrep -c '\<[hH]ell\>' "New Testament.txt"
The expressions "\<" and "\>" mean word boundaries. The square brackets match any characters in them, so "[Hh]" will match capital and lowercase letter h. The -c option tells grep to just print how many matches it counted, instead of the actual matching lines that it normally would.

It turns out the word "hell" appears 31 times in the Old Testament and 23 times in the New Testament. However I realise that there are other places, at least in the New Testament, which talk of hell without using that word, for example in Matthew 25:41

"Depart from Me, accursed ones, into the eternal fire which has been prepared for the devil and his angels"
It is easy to prove hell doesn't exist. Using it to terrorise people is, in my opinion, the most evil thing the Bible is used for. And not just because it traumatises people, but also because it was the rationale used by the Inquisitors to torture people to death. They genuinely believed that it is better for a person to endure hours or days of torture to convert them to Christianity than to spend an eternity being tortured in hell. It would make a perverted kind of sense if it wasn't founded on deception.

The concept of that imaginary place is, itself, probably the worst evil perpetrated by the primitives who wrote the Bible.

EDIT: I've now checked the New International Version (NIV), and in that one the word "hell" doesn't turn up until the New Testament. So it seems my original information was correct and my check of the KJV was misleading.
miriam_e: from my drawing MoonGirl (Default)
I know I've posted it before, but I love this picture.

sophisticat
miriam_e: from my drawing MoonGirl (Default)
I just had a look again at the collaboration between Project Gutenberg and Microsoft's AI to record audiobooks. They have produced (as far as I can count) 4,840 audiobooks this way, all available free on the Internet Archive and various other places.

https://marhamilresearch4.blob.core.windows.net/gutenberg-public/Website/index.html

I checked out three that interested me:
▪ "My Man Jeeves" by P G Wodehouse
▪ "The Time Machine" by H G Wells
▪ "The Moon Voyage" by Jules Verne

The results were somewhat surprising.

"My Man Jeeves" was terrible. I love P G Wodehouse's stories. His stories have a wonderful, humorous, sing-song quality. A lot of their humor is expressed in the mannerisms of the characters. This was completely lost on the AI. A pity, but not really unexpected. Even if it had used a British accent instead of the totally wrong USA accent, it still wouldn't have worked. The AI has no idea of how to say, "Ripping! I'll be toddling up, then. Toodle-oo, Bertie, old man. See you later."

"The Time Machine" was jarring, with pauses in inappropriate places, and the wrong tone because the AI obviously didn't understand what it was reading. Again, even if it had used an English accent it still would have failed.

"The Moon Voyage", except for it reading out the contents pages for nearly 3 minutes, fared much better. The reading sounded very natural. I'm not sure why. I would have thought it would have encountered the same problems, but perhaps a more modern translation from French helped.

So, okay, I'm holding this to a very high standard, and it could be said that I'm being a bit of a hypocrite. I have often had my Amiga computer read books and articles to me, and its voice uses very primitive text-to-speech, but I was quite happy with that (especially since I hacked it to give it an Australian accent :) ). Even now I have a very simple speech synthesis program on my Linux computer which is similar to the Amiga's and not even close to the capability of Microsoft's AI. But times move on, and Microsoft has billions of dollars to spend on massive computing systems. I live below the poverty line, and have a cheap, crappy, little computer. Of course I expect more from them.

blackout

Nov. 19th, 2023 01:13 pm
miriam_e: from my drawing MoonGirl (Default)
The power went out in this area for two and a half hours, about a quarter of the way through cooking dinner. It certainly is a good lesson in the risks of over-dependence upon a single, centralised power source. It made me very appreciative of battery-powered lanterns and torches, and candles. Also being able to read from my mobile phone or my tablet computer is a great advantage. A paper book becomes next to useless at night unless you have a bright lantern or candle.

If I was going to stay here long-term I would add battery backup to the solar panels.
miriam_e: from my drawing MoonGirl (Default)
I was looking for a slang term from the Victorian era and thought there might be something on the internet. I was surprised to find that the Internet Archive has a scan of "Passing English of the Victorian Era" -- a book entirely devoted to Victorian slang.

https://archive.org/details/passingenglishof00wareuoft/page/n5/mode/2up

The internet is amazing. It is made even more amazing by the Internet Archive. I often download books and audio files from there and use its WaybackMachine to access webpages that are no longer online.

I just made another donation to them too. The work they do in safeguarding knowledge and culture is extremely important.
miriam_e: from my drawing MoonGirl (Default)
I'm constantly surprised at the number of people I talk to who are convinced the world is spiraling out of control and getting worse, that people are more immoral, and violent crime is on the rise.

They are wrong.

▪ We live in a time of unparalleled luxury.
▪ Almost all human knowledge is literally at our fingertips.
▪ People are more moral and peaceful and more empathetic and respectful of each other than ever before.
▪ Violent crime is the lowest it has ever been and continues to fall, as it has done for hundreds of years.
▪ Wars continue to decline in both number and lethality, and they are now almost universally despised, where once they were considered exciting adventures.
▪ Religion, that historic fomenter of hate, is dying at long last.
▪ Women, children, and even animals now have rights instead of being merely possessions to be exploited.
▪ Slavery is vanishing.
▪ Literacy is approaching 100%.
▪ People are escaping extreme poverty in increasing numbers.
▪ Hygeine and vaccines have nearly eliminated most of the awful diseases that plagued mankind.
▪ Our birthrate has been falling since the 1960s and the number people is expected to plateau soon, then begin to slowly decrease thereafter.

Things are genuinely getting better in almost any way we'd like to measure. So why do people think things are the opposite of how they really are?

The news media are partly the cause of the cynicism today. They magnify it with their concentration on journalism that feeds fear and hopelessness. But it is hard to blame them. They are pandering to a broken aspect of human psychology: fear and outrage hold our attention far more easily than happiness and good news.

Another cause is that cynicism is oddly respected and considered sophisticated, whereas optimism is seen as naïve. I'm not sure why this is so. Reading scientific literature (New Scientist, Scientific American, etc) promotes optimism, whereas religious literature (the Bible, Quran, The Watchtower, etc) fill the reader with dread and fear that the world is basically evil and in decline. This is very odd, since scientific literature is full of genuine knowledge about the world. The other is merely uninformed superstition. Yet somehow cynicism and doomcasting are seen as wise, and optimism based upon real knowledge is seen as uninformed and naïve. I can't explain this. It seems related to the way being bored appears "cool" while enthusiasm is seen as childlike. How do we fix this? I would love to know. Perhaps we need more heroes in fiction and reality who are happy, enthusiastic, and uplifting.

But if everything is getting better, does it matter that people's view of the world is so upside down?

Yes, because I think it is the cause of our remaining problems.

I have often wondered how a lying, clueless psychopath like Trump got elected. After talking to many people about this I've come to the tentative conclusion that cynicism may be the major reason. Many people had become so dismissive of government and society in general, that they thought burning it all down would be better; Trump, as an agent of chaos, would be an improvement over the ordered decay of lazy, corrupt politicians. And yes, there are plenty of crooked, self-serving politicians, and we need to get rid of them, or prevent them gaining office in the first place, but I think more politicians are honest today than at any time in history. Burning down the system and taking us back to square one would lose all the slow, painful gains we've made. We need to fix the remaining problems, not destroy it all.

One of the other major threats we are facing today is climate change. The elevation of ignorance as wisdom helped the petroleum corporations who fought against climate change awareness. Thankfully, fear and outrage has helped to push back against this, to some degree.

Another major calamity, which most people don't even seem to see, is biodiversity loss. We are literally throwing away the wealth of life on Earth and paving it over with the tar and cement of urban sprawl. We clear forests to feed cattle that we don't really need to eat. We create polluted wastelands by mining and raping nature for her wood and other resources. The vehicles on our roads murder wildlife every day, until none remain. People's pet dogs and cats roam the dwindling pockets of nature and slaughter the few remaining native animals. I can understand people feeling despair and hopelessness in the face of that. However, we are on the cusp of several solutions that would solve biodiversity loss while immeasureably improving our lives. I think the most useful solutions are indoor vertical farming, vat-grown foods (particularly meat), and building underground. The new space race will mine the moon and asteroids, moving some of the most destructive industries off our planet. AI will help with that too. When I tell people this they tend to roll their eyes, thinking this is distant future wish-casting, but these things are beginning to happen right now.

Despite dramatic improvements, there is still large-scale suffering in the world. About 9 million people starve to death every year. About a third of those -- about 3 million -- are children. In such a time of plenty this is inexcusable. We easily have more than enough food to end starvation while at the same time curing the epidemic of obesity in the wealthy nations. I think cynicism and feeling hopeless are what make this problem so difficult to solve too. I've met many people who think that the world is screwed, so they might as well live it up in the time they have left. This false view makes things worse. I've also met many people who think that starvation, disease, and war reduce population numbers. The reverse is actually true. Suffering causes the birthrate to increase. Luxury and wellbeing stabilise population numbers. The mechanism is well understood. People in impoverished conditions with no social security have lots of children in the hope that some will survive to look after them in their declining years. On the other hand, people who can expect a comfortable old age are more likely to focus their resources upon fewer children to give them the best chance in life.

So my conclusion? Have hope for the future. Things are much better than you realise. Replace your news source with scientific information. You will be happier and better informed. Help people who are not as well-off as yourself. We all benefit from that. Give cynicism, fear, and despair the boot. Why trade a happy life for a depressing one? By uplifting yourself and others we really can fix the world.
miriam_e: from my drawing MoonGirl (Default)
Wow! The Republicans in the USA state of Wisconsin have officially lost their minds. They have proposed a law to change their state constitution to ensure churches can be super-spreaders of disease during the next pandemic.

During the COVID pandemic, churches (like all public places) were restricted in the number of people who could visit at any one time. But preachers were so selfish and were happy for members of their congregations to die, so they fought against the restriction... and many just totally ignored it. We saw, all around the world, religious events became the most effective spreaders of the disease in all of society.

We were lucky with COVID. It has a tiny mortality -- it kills about 1 or 2% of people infected by it (nearly 7 million deaths so far), though a much larger number have long-term problems. The next pandemic has about a 99% chance of being more dangerous than COVID. If it has, say, 50% mortality then we are in deep trouble, because when religious people spread it among themselves it won't just stay with them; they will infect the broader population.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q4n6I5DSHg0
miriam_e: from my drawing MoonGirl (Default)
As part of another rabbithole I went down this morning, I downloaded Fritz Lang's 1929 movie, "Frau im Mond" (The Woman in the Moon) in high resolution.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kFGATob5w5c

Why?

I learned (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=35ncLbpNbTk) that it was the first time anybody thought of preceding a rocket launch with a countdown. That was a surprise to me. I'd previously thought that was an innovation by Robert Heinlein in his script for George Pal's movie "Destination Moon". I don't have the movie and couldn't find it online, but the comicbook adapted from the movie is at the Internet Archive:

https://archive.org/details/fawcett_Destination_Moon_1950
(Get the comicbook cbr format, not the low resolution, almost unreadable pdf)

Also at the InternetArchive is the half-hour long radioplay of Heinlein's story:

http://archive.org/download/Dimension-X/Dimx_e012_DestinationMoon.mp3

I already have the story (which Heinlein adapted from his screenplay), but that was ages ago and I can't remember the source.
miriam_e: from my drawing MoonGirl (Default)
Huh. There's a Linux command I didn't know existed: "ico"

Try this:
ico -i -sleep 0.05
miriam_e: from my drawing MoonGirl (Default)
Megan Lewis starts a new series on translating Ancient Sumerian cuneiform writing. These are the earliest writings in the world! They come from the oldest known civilisation, 6000 years ago, located in southern Mesopotamia, between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. It is the origin of many of the early Bible stories. The impact it had on our civilisation was huge.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P3qIUTBqOOw

She's also presented previous series on reading Sumerian.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nTle8uT7NEM&list=PLmXNllWcFFROKgITMKLNtRIFfq_uIXehJ

and 4 episodes where she reads the Epic of Gilgamesh from the original Sumerian. (Part of that story was reused by the Bible for the flood):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-oLywIIwYUc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g4m7b-MWU_U
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=isiL4PdOTlY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OW6v0T05kQg

And her husband, Joshua Bowen, has a series on learning Biblical Hebrew:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3tgNWqBGybA&list=PLmXNllWcFFRMBYPVa-6lgLfIVYHlqUQPd
miriam_e: from my drawing MoonGirl (Default)
I originally posted this a few years ago. I was looking over some of the pages I saved to my machine and remembered this. I wonder what more has come of this. I'd love a few more decades or centuries of life... a few millennia would be good. 🙂 I have so much to learn and to do.

https://www.dailykos.com/stories/2020/12/5/1999693/-Aging-process-in-live-animal-tissues-not-just-halted-but-reversed

Our lifespan is way too short. We just start to get real wisdom, right before we drop dead. Not good. How can the human race be expected to advance to the degree we need to with so few years?
miriam_e: from my drawing MoonGirl (Default)
If you've broken a bone in recent decades and had to wear a cast, then when it was removed (the cast, not your bone 🙂 ) they likely used a cast saw. You probably wondered how it can cut through the cast, but not your skin.



https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bx1AiQdMQro
miriam_e: from my drawing MoonGirl (Default)
I love the fact that NASA gives away most of their stuff. They've made their 204-page book "Space Settlements - A Design Study" from 1976 available for free download.

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19770014162

The actual link to the ebook:
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/.../downloads/19770014162_update.pdf
(Rename it after you download it.)

For those who, like myself, detest pdf format, the whole thing is available as webpages too:

https://space.nss.org/settlement/nasa/75SummerStudy/s.s.doc.html

It was the result of a 10-week program in engineering systems design held at Stanford University and the Ames Research Center of NASA during the summer of 1975. Among the many people involved was Gerard O'Neill -- a name many space enthusiasts will recognise.

Space Settlements - A Design Study
miriam_e: from my drawing MoonGirl (Default)
More surprises. I rewrote the python program to do the same thing as my awk program. It writes to a pbm image file instead of to the screen. My unoptimised awk program took less time than my new python program, which was also unoptimised.

0.123 seconds - awk
0.139 seconds - python writing to a file
12 minutes 39.687 seconds - python writing to the screen

So my earlier python program was spending almost all its time in the graphics routines.

I wonder if it's possible to find a simpler, faster way to write to a screen. One of the things old computers did really well was writing directly to the screen. Unfortunately, extra capabilities of modern computers require extra calculations that slow everything down -- being able to write to an arbitrarily sized and positioned window, for example. If you have extra layers of a language to interpret graphical commands this further slows everything.
miriam_e: from my drawing MoonGirl (Default)
Remember a few days ago I'd been fiddling around with various languages to generate 1D cellular automata? The timing I got for this was surprising:

1 hr 8 minutes -- the old CoCo computer
5 minutes -- the CoCo emulator running as fast as my computer allowed
12 minutes -- using python

And now....

0.08 second -- awk creating an image file

Not bad for an ancient (46 years old) language!

I didn't use awk to display directly to the screen because awk doesn't have graphics commands, nor does it have any usable extensions that would let it do graphics. So to get around that problem I told it to write a .pbm image file that I could display.



Maybe the screen display routines are what slowed python and the CoCo emulator down so much. I'll rewrite the python program to build a .pbm image and see how that compares.

The PBM format, and its sisters, PGM, and PPM were developed as a way to make it easy to reliably transmit images over the early internet. Each pixel is represented by a number in ordinary text -- only 0 (white) and 1 (black) for PBM files. Gray values can be represented by PGM files, again using text decimal numbers for each pixel. Color up to 24 bits per pixel can be recorded in PPM files, with each pixel being a triplet of decimal numbers written as text.

The three formats also have binary formats that are faster to read and write and are more compact, but don't have the attractiveness of being so easily written by a program that manipulates text.

---

More surprises. I rewrote the python program to do the same thing as my awk program. It writes to a pbm image file instead of to the screen. My unoptimised awk program took less time than my new python program, which was also unoptimised.

0.123 seconds - awk
0.139 seconds - python writing to a file
12 minutes 39 seconds - python writing to the screen

So my earlier python program was spending almost all its time in the graphics routines.

I wonder if it's possible to find a simpler, faster way to write to a screen. One of the things old computers did really well was writing directly to the screen. Unfortunately, extra capabilities of modern computers require extra calculations that slow everything down -- being able to write to an arbitrarily sized and positioned window, for example. If you have extra layers of a language to interpret graphical commands this further slows everything.
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